You have heard that the cheapest form of life insurance is Term.
That's true, almost.
Term
insurance is very inexpensive because you pay only the cost of insurance
and fees averaged across a certain time period, usually 20 years.
A few companies offer 30 year terms for those under 40 while most
also offer 10 and 15 year terms. Several companies—usually
those that do mass marketing through the mail—also offer 5
year terms, especially to seniors. Be wary of those.
The Term insurance—which you may also want to avoid—that
is even cheaper than level term is Decreasing Term. These were especially
popular years ago and roughly coincided with the arrival of large
mortgages, especially those that required minimal down payments
or only the closing costs up front. The insurance was offered by
the bank, added only a few dollars to the monthly payment, and guaranteed
that if the insured person died, the mortgage would be paid off.
The premium was level for the life of the term, but the face value
decreased yearly, slowly at first, and then very rapidly in the
final years of the term.
You can no doubt visualize the concept. As you pay your mortgage,
you also pay life insurance; the only purpose of that insurance
is to pay the bank in the event of your death. Any left over funds
would go to a second beneficiary, but you can bet they were arranged
in such a way that at any given point there would be very little
face value beyond that needed to clear the debt. When the mortgage
was paid off, the payments stopped on the insurance as well, and
there was nothing left to collect.
Some banks still offer decreasing term life insurance policies,
although level term is more popular today. Additionally, some life
insurance companies entice people with the idea of a minimal premium,
explaining that as the family grows and moves out of the house,
the need for a high face value decreases. However, when you buy
a decreasing term, you pay for 20 or 30 years; if you enjoy a long
life, your heirs are likely to discover that your term has dropped
to the point of only a few hundred dollars for final expenses. Furthermore,
many expire altogether after age 85.